Explore by epoch — a continuous Indian timeline · told so far to the Third Battle of Panipat (1761)
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TEMPLES & ARCHITECTURE · WEST INDIA
First of the twelve Jyotirlingas, on the Saurashtra shore. Founded in stone by the 10th century, celebrated by Al-Biruni as the harbour-temple of the Indian Ocean trade, razed by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1026, rebuilt by Kumarapala — and raised again by the new Republic in 1951. The shrine eternal of Indian memory, told through period photographs and the raider's own chroniclers.
Epoch: Age of Regional Empires · Theme: Jyotirlingas · (Read the full article →)
On this day
12 June
1665 — The Treaty of Purandar concluded (signed 11–12 June): Shivaji cedes twenty-three forts to Mirza Raja Jai Singh — and lives to take every one of them back.
The live calendar grows as articles are added.
Battle database — a separate wing, battle by battle
Hydaspes 326 BCEKalinga 261 BCEAror 712Rajasthan 738Waihind 1008Lohkot 1015 & 1021Tarain 1191–92Khanwa 1527Talikota 1565Haldighati 1576Saraighat 1671Plassey 1757Panipat III 1761
Every battle: forces, maps, outcome, aftermath, full bibliography — victories and defeats alike. The invasions, age by age: The Resistance Chronicle · Browse →
The Resistance Chronicle
A NEW WING · HISTORY BY THE DEFENDER’S CLOCK
Not "the Sultanate period" and "the Mughal period" — the same centuries arranged by the answer India gave. Four ages, one unbroken thread from the first Arab sail off Thana (636) to Panipat (1761): every ledger complete, every battle marked victory or defeat with what it meant for the India of that time, every source labelled — stone, chronicle, or tradition.
I · The Frontier Age 636–1030II · The Watershed 1175–1206III · The Long Contest 1206–1526IV · The Reversal 1526–1761
About the four ages → · Enter the wing → · The Ghazni ledger → · Mewar →
Quote of the day
"In all their grandeur, they never slackened in the ardent desire of doing that which is good and right… men of noble sentiment and noble bearing."
— Al-Biruni on the Hindu Shahis, Kitab al-Hind, c. 1030 — the enemy’s own tribute
Picture of the day
The two worlds of 970 — the religious map of the Afghan lands at Mahmud’s birth. An original Indopedia map, from the new ledger article.
Indian history in the news
- New excavation season announced at Rakhigarhi (sample item)
- Chola-era copper plates found in Tamil Nadu (sample item)
- Conservation milestone at Hampi (sample item)
Discovery — voyages & places
Hampi — capital of Vijayanagara
Walk the boulders of the Tungabhadra through the Virupaksha temple, the Vitthala stone chariot and the royal enclosures. Travel-style storytelling, with the history and the sources.
Epoch: Vijayanagara Era
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